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Geography

Explore places, landscapes and spatial patterns, including the maps and measurements used to describe a changing world.

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Wind-shaped dunes and curved sand ridges in Death Valley
EDITOR’S PICK

How Do Sand Dunes Move?

Sand dunes migrate when wind transports grains up their windward slope and deposits them near the crest. Sand then avalanches down the steeper sheltered side. Repeating that cycle shifts the entire landform downwind even…

Oct 6, 2026 • 3 min readRead the discovery →
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Latest discoveries

New stories, explanations and research from Geography.

How Earth’s Magnetic Field Reverses featured reference image
Earth & The Planet

How Earth’s Magnetic Field Reverses

Ancient rocks record changes in magnetic polarity. Reversals reflect the changing geodynamo deep inside Earth, not the planet physically turning upside down.

Sep 30, 2026 • 4 min read
How Sinkholes Form Beneath Solid Ground featured reference image
Earth & The Planet

How Sinkholes Form Beneath Solid Ground

Sinkholes develop when underground material is removed and the surface subsides or collapses. Soluble rock, sediment and groundwater changes shape how—and how quickly—they appear.

Sep 30, 2026 • 3 min read
How River Deltas Build Land—and Why They Sink featured reference image
Earth & The Planet

How River Deltas Build Land—and Why They Sink

Deltas grow when rivers deposit sediment faster than waves, currents and sinking remove it, but dams, extraction and rising seas can upset that balance.

Sep 29, 2026 • 2 min read
How Rivers Create Meanders, Cutoffs and Oxbow Lakes featured reference image
Earth & The Planet

How Rivers Create Meanders, Cutoffs and Oxbow Lakes

Meandering rivers reshape floodplains through erosion, sediment deposition and channel cutoffs. An oxbow lake is one stage in that evolving landscape, not a permanent…

Sep 28, 2026 • 3 min read